Catégorie : Forêt

Round of FORESTIA web seminars

SEMINAR # 9

« Extreme droughts, forest decline and mortality in the Patagonian Andes »

Ricardo Villalba,

IANIGLA-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina 

December 16 at 15h (CET/Paris time)

The International Associated Laboratory FORESTIA starts in 2022 a new round of short seminars aimed at stimulating the scientific comunication among its members, as well as between them and other international laboratories.

These seminars are a new opportunity for the FORESTIA scientists to present and discuss their objectives, research work and results on adaptation of forest ecosystems to global changes.

Seminar #9 by Ricardo Villalba, IANIGLA-CONICET, Mendoza, Argentina

Abstract

Climate and environmental changes are evident throughout the planet and the Patagonian Andes are not an exception.  While widespread warming associated with Global Climate Change is the best documented process, other changes in climate, including more severe extreme events such as droughts and heat waves, have been clearly identified. Recently, extensive patches of mortality and forest decline have been observed in centuries-old native forests in the Patagonian Andes, representing a new component of the Andean landscape in response to climatic events of a magnitude rarely documented in the environmental history of the region.

In this context, it is interesting to ask how different in frequency and intensity the current droughts are in relation to those that occurred in the last centuries or millennia in the Patagonian Andes. Are the current extreme climatic events part of the natural climatic variability of the Andean-Patagonian environments, or do they represent unusual events that, not having occurred in the past, introduce irreversible changes in the forest dynamics of the Andes? In this presentation we combine high-resolution paleoclimatic records with climate scenarios to investigate changes in extreme drought regimes and their connections with forest mortality and decay processes in the region. In a perspective longer than 500 years, provided by the combination of dendrochronological records and climate simulations, we analyze the temporal evolution of extreme droughts and their potential impacts on the dynamics of Patagonian forests during the 21st century.

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Free registration on LIA FORESTIA WEBINAR #9

Registration required to receive the connection link

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This is the last Forestia seminar of 2022

MiDi is a interdisciplinary Research Thematic Network, focused on biodiversity and habitats and funded by the Centre-Val de Loire Region. The network aims to promote studies in multiple fields of BioGeoSciences and Human and Social Sciences in relation to global changes.

This conference is organised in partnership with the Le Studium (Institute for Advanced Studies).

contact: rtrmidi@univ-tours.fr

Round of FORESTIA web seminars

SEMINAR # 8

« Genomic selection for reaction norms on climatic indexes in maritime pine »

Léopoldo Sanchez-Rodriguez

INRAE, BioForA, France

November 18 at 15h (CET/Paris time)

The International Associated Laboratory FORESTIA starts in 2022 a new round of short seminars aimed at stimulating the scientific comunication among its members, as well as between them and other international laboratories.

These seminars are a new opportunity for the FORESTIA scientists to present and discuss their objectives, research work and results on adaptation of forest ecosystems to global changes.

Seminar #8 by Léopoldo Sanchez-Rodriguez, INRAE, BioForA, France

Abstract

A new proof-of-concept study for genomic selection (GS) in maritime pine is presented here with two major steps forward compared to previous case studies of GS in the species: a greater number of informative markers and the focus on wood related phenotypic plasticity traits. The main objective of this study was to combine genomic, phenotypic and environmental data in order to build GS models for norms of reaction (NoR) to climatic indexes.

The GS population is composed of 650 trees from 25 half-sib families established on two contrasted sites (dry vs. humid site) in 1996. These progenies are representative of the second generation of the breeding program of the species in France. The 650 trees were genotyped with the 4TREES Axiom array developed within the B4EST project. Wood related phenotypic records were obtained from X-rayed increment cores collected on all trees, and phenotypes related to each ring (from 1999 to 2019) were extracted, namely: ring width, ring surface, ring density and several other variables describing the within-ring variability.

Two kinds of climatic indexes were used, a classic and simple Martonne aridity index combining temperature and rainfall, and a complex ecophysiological growth model (GO+) able to predict water availability at a very fine scale. The outputs of both models were summarized at annual levels to be used as alternative climatic covariables for ring traits. GS was modelled following different cross-validation scenarios representing operational schemes in the breeding program, and compared to current evaluation system using exclusively pedigree information. Modelling with the climatic indexes as covariables was obtained by a random regression approach, which offered the possibility to predict genetic and genomic breeding value trajectories at individual level over the environmental gradients represented by the sample of years of growth.

Results showed the advantages of GS over the pedigree counterparts in prediction quality over the ranges in the two climatic indexes. The more complex GO+ model provided the best performance overall. Individual trajectories made of breeding values were easily clustered by their shapes over the climatic indexes, with typologies of trajectories showing systematic advantage in growth over the whole range of environments compared to the other less performing NoR typologies. The driest extremes produced less variation among individual trajectories than that observed for the wettest extremes. The wettest range of the cline resulted in large discrimination among individual trajectories. A similar modeling work was done using outputs from a resistograph, with faster a cheaper operational setting.

Results are discussed in the context of breeding of maritime pine facing global changes, with propositions in terms of GS implementation, the strategic use of NoR on climatic indexes, and the choices of partial or cheap phenotyping among candidates to selection.

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> > Video recording available : Here !

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>> Next seminar on december 16th by Ricardo Villalba, CONICET, Argentina.

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MiDi is a interdisciplinary Research Thematic Network, focused on biodiversity and habitats and funded by the Centre-Val de Loire Region. The network aims to promote studies in multiple fields of BioGeoSciences and Human and Social Sciences in relation to global changes.

This conference is organised in partnership with the Le Studium (Institute for Advanced Studies).

Round of FORESTIA web seminars

SEMINAR # 7

« How to make trees talk about their frost resistance?« 

Guillaume Charrier (Speaker) & Thierry Ameglio, 

INRAE, UMR PIAF, France

August 26 at 15h (CET/Paris time)

The International Associated Laboratory FORESTIA starts in 2022 a new round of short seminars aimed at stimulating the scientific comunication among its members, as well as between them and other international laboratories.

These seminars are a new opportunity for the FORESTIA scientists to present and discuss their objectives, research work and results on adaptation of forest ecosystems to global changes.

Seminar #7 by Guillaume Charrier (speakers) & Thierry Ameglio, INRAE, UMR PIEAF, France

 Abstract

Frost stress is one of the most important limiting factors in the ecological distribution and production of tree species, especially at high elevation and latitude. Assessment of frost risk is therefore critical for forestry, fruit production, and horticulture. Frost risk is substantial when the hazard (i.e. exposure to damaging freezing temperatures) exceeds the vulnerability (i.e. frost sensitivity). Frost affects both living cells and dead xylem elements and alters their hydraulic function by inducing embolism. The authors developed methods (LT50, ultrasonic acoustic emission and high resolution dendrometer measurements) to better the effect of frost in different tree species and growth forms and its relevance to plant life at high elevation but also to improve knowledge on frost tolerance and plant resilience in general.

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> Video recording soon available  LIA FORESTIA WEBINAR #7

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 >> Next seminar on November 18th by Leopoldo Sanchez, INRAE

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MiDi is a interdisciplinary Research Thematic Network, focused on biodiversity and habitats and funded by the Centre-Val de Loire Region. The network aims to promote studies in multiple fields of BioGeoSciences and Human and Social Sciences in relation to global changes.

 This conference is organised in partnership with the Le Studium (Institute for Advanced Studies).

The International Associated Laboratory FORESTIA starts in 2022 a new round of short seminars aimed at stimulating the scientific comunication among its members, as well as between them and other international laboratories.

These seminars are a new opportunity for the FORESTIA scientists to present and discuss their objectives, research work and results on adaptation of forest ecosystems to global changes.

Seminar #5 by Eduardo Cappa, INTA, Argentina

Abstract

There is an urgent need in forest tree species to accelerate the breeding cycle and to change the seed orchard production profiles from solely one of improved growth, to that of improved climate resiliency. Genomic prediction and genome-wide association analyses are currently being seen as powerful tools to facilitate the rapid selection of superior genotypes and to identify alleles or genomic regions of complex traits in forest tree species. In this presentation, I will focus on different quantitative genetic and genomic tools and how to fully integrate genomic data linked to productivity- and climate change-related (adaptive) traits in two conifer tree-breeding programs: Pinus contorta Dougl. (interior lodgepole pine) and Picea glauca (Moench) Voss (white spruce), managed by the forest industry and Government of Alberta (Canada), respectively. The results of these studies, presented in three recent scientific publications, illustrate the advantages of using genomic information jointly with productivity and climate-adaptability traits, to enhance the identification and selection of genetic material of these two boreal conifer tree species for the production of resilient and sustainable forests in a changing climate context.

The International Associated Laboratory FORESTIA starts in 2022 a new round of short seminars aimed at stimulating the scientific comunication among its members, as well as between them and other international laboratories.

These seminars are a new opportunity for the FORESTIA scientists to present and discuss their objectives, research work and results on adaptation of forest ecosystems to global changes.

Seminar #5 by Nicolas Martin (INRAE, France)

Abstract

Forests are at the cross road of multiple socio-ecological stakes including energy and material autonomy, carbon sequestration, biodiversity conservation whilst at the same time they are deeply impaired by climate change. In particular, increasing atmospheric and soil drought are responsible for an increasing trend in tree mortality, forest disturbances (diebacks, pathogen attacks and wildfires). The field of plant hydraulic offers a conceptual and formal basis to quantify climate impacts on trees physiology, derive consequences on forest disturbances and assess possible solutions for adaptation. In this talk, I will present how plant hydraulic measurements can be combined with the recent plant hydraulic model SurEau, to help anticipate global changes outcome on forests and evaluate solutions for forest adaptation.

 

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> recording available : Here !

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>> Next seminar on August 26th  by Eduardo Cappa, INTA, Argentina

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MiDi is a interdisciplinary Research Thematic Network, focused on biodiversity and habitats and funded by the Centre-Val de Loire Region. The network aims to promote studies in multiple fields of BioGeoSciences and Human and Social Sciences in relation to global changes.

This conference is organised in partnership with the Le Studium (Institute for Advanced Studies).

contact: valentin.cognard@univ-tours.fr

The International Associated Laboratory FORESTIA starts in 2022 a new round of short seminars aimed at stimulating the scientific comunication among its members, as well as between them and other international laboratories.

These seminars are a new opportunity for the FORESTIA scientists to present and discuss their objectives, research work and results on adaptation of forest ecosystems to global changes.

Seminar #5 by Thomas Boivin (INRAE, France)

Abstract

Forest ecosystems are arenas for complex and dynamic interactions between trees and phytophagous insects. This complexity partly results from the increasing exposure of such ecosystems to climate change. Using different systems of tree-insect-climate interactions in Mediterranean and tropical forests, I will discuss how components of the biotic and abiotic environment of bark beetle communities can modulate their impact on the health of natural and exploited forests. I will also discuss how multidisciplinary approaches shed light on tree-insect-environment interactions in our changing world.

 

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> Free registration on LIA FORESTIA WEBINAR #5 (Closed)

Registration required to receive the connection link

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Next Seminar available : Here !

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MiDi is a interdisciplinary Research Thematic Network, focused on biodiversity and habitats and funded by the Centre-Val de Loire Region. The network aims to promote studies in multiple fields of BioGeoSciences and Human and Social Sciences in relation to global changes.

This conference is organised in partnership with the Le Studium (Institute for Advanced Studies).

contact: valentin.cognard@univ-tours.fr

The International Associated Laboratory FORESTIA starts in 2022 a new round of short seminars aimed at stimulating the scientific comunication among its members, as well as between them and other international laboratories.

These seminars are a new opportunity for the FORESTIA scientists to present and discuss their objectives, research work and results on adaptation of forest ecosystems to global changes.

Seminar #2 by María Elena Gauchat, INTA EEA Montecarlo

Abstract

Since 2004, INTA and PINDO company have developed a classic improvement program to obtain F1 hybrid Pine INTA-PINDO hybridizing P. elliottii var. elliottii and P. caribaea var. hondurensis adapted to the northeastern region of Argentina. In the beginning, the main goal was to improve the wood volume yield together with crown traits. Then, wood characters and tolerance to low temperatures have been incorporated Currently, this program has nearly 400 families in different evaluation stages and the best clonal families were identified for operational deployment in northeastern of Argentina.

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Recording of the seminar available : Here ! 

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Next seminar on May 13th by Thomas Boivin, INRAE, France

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MiDi is a interdisciplinary Research Thematic Network, focused on biodiversity and habitats and funded by the Centre-Val de Loire Region. The network aims to promote studies in multiple fields of BioGeoSciences and Human and Social Sciences in relation to global changes.

This conference is organised in partnership with the Le Studium (Institute for Advanced Studies).

contact: valentin.cognard@univ-tours.fr